Cooking the Foods of Vietnam

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Traditional and Modern Food of Vietnam: A Harmony of Senses and Elements

Vietnamese cuisine is an exquisite tapestry of flavour, colour, and texture. Known for its fresh ingredients, light preparation, and balance of herbs and spices, the food of Vietnam represents both cultural heritage and culinary innovation. From bustling street food stalls in Hanoi to modern Vietnamese fusion found in Melbourne’s kitchens, the essence of Vietnamese cooking remains rooted in harmony—between nature, nutrition, and the senses.

Cooking the Foods of Vietnam

A Culinary Philosophy Rooted in Balance

Vietnamese food is renowned for its healthfulness, owing to its minimal use of oil, generous helpings of herbs and vegetables, and simple cooking techniques like steaming, boiling, and grilling. Yet beyond its health benefits, Vietnamese cooking is deeply philosophical—built upon ancient principles that guide not only taste but how we connect with food.

The Five Elements of Taste: Ngũ Vị

Every Vietnamese meal seeks to balance five fundamental flavours:

  • Spicy (Metal) – Often brought by bird’s eye chillies or pepper.

  • Sour (Wood) – Found in lime juice, tamarind, and fermented ingredients.

  • Bitter (Fire) – Offered by herbs like Vietnamese coriander.

  • Salty (Water) – Typically from fish sauce or soy sauce.

  • Sweet (Earth) – Delivered through sugar, palm syrup, or sweet vegetables.

These elements create a flavour profile that is complex but balanced, allowing each dish to express its own personality while remaining part of a unified whole.

The Five Essential Nutrients: Ngũ Chất

Traditional Vietnamese dishes are also designed to nourish holistically, incorporating:

  • Powder (Starch) – Typically rice or rice noodles.

  • Water (Liquid) – In broths, soups, or dipping sauces.

  • Minerals – From vegetables and seafood.

  • Protein – Often from pork, chicken, beef, or tofu.

  • Fat – Used sparingly, often through natural sources like pork belly or peanuts.

This holistic approach ensures meals that are not only tasty but sustaining and well-rounded.

The Role of Colour and the Five Senses

Vietnamese chefs also play with colour theory, bringing vibrancy and visual harmony to the plate. Dishes are designed to feature:

  • White (Metal) – From rice or noodles.

  • Green (Wood) – Fresh herbs, leafy greens, and vegetables.

  • Yellow (Earth) – Turmeric, egg yolks, mung beans.

  • Red (Fire) – Chilli, shrimp, or roasted meats.

  • Black (Water) – Black sesame, mushrooms, soy.

And this visual art extends to the five senses:

  • Sight – Colourful presentation and beautifully arranged plates.

  • Sound – The crunch of fresh vegetables or grilled meats.

  • Taste – The five elements coming together in harmony.

  • Smell – The unmistakable aroma of lemongrass, mint, or basil.

  • Touch – Many dishes are enjoyed with the hands, offering a tactile connection to the meal.

Traditional vs. Modern Vietnamese Food

While dishes like Phở, Bánh Mì, Gỏi Cuốn (rice paper rolls), and Bún Bò Huế are beloved staples, modern Vietnamese cuisine has evolved in exciting ways. Chefs around the world—and here at Otao Kitchen—are experimenting with fusion dishes, plant-based versions of classics, and techniques that draw from global influences while respecting Vietnamese traditions.

For example:

  • Vegan Phở made with mushroom broth and tofu.

  • Bánh Xèo with turmeric-infused chickpea flour for gluten-free diners.

  • Sous vide lemongrass pork paired with traditional nước chấm.

At Otao Kitchen, we honour both the traditions and transformations of Vietnamese cooking, offering masterclasses, team-building experiences, and kids’ cooking workshops that explore these rich flavours and philosophies.

Experience Vietnamese Food with Otao Kitchen

Whether you're rediscovering your roots or exploring Vietnamese cuisine for the first time, our classes are designed to be immersive, hands-on, and delicious. You’ll learn:

  • How to work with iconic Vietnamese ingredients like fish sauce, lemongrass, mint, and rice paper.

  • The importance of flavour balance and colour in every dish.

  • How to create authentic and modern versions of Vietnamese favourites.

Join a Class, Taste a Culture

From street food favourites to home-style meals, Vietnamese food is a cultural celebration that brings people together. Join us at Otao Kitchen to cook, learn, and taste the joy of Vietnamese cuisine—rooted in the past, inspired by the present, and shared with love.

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