What Is Pressure Cooking?
Pressure cookers are designed to make short work of slow cooked dishes. They’re economical in the amount of power they use and can reduce cooking times by up to 70%. They retain nutrients in food really well, making them a healthy cooking option. You can achieve the same results as a slow-cooked meal in a fraction of the time. Lentils, starchy vegetables and chickpeas are very well suited to pressure cooking.
Pressure cookers have come a long way since those vintage rattling, steam spluttering machines. These days pressure cookers are safe and easy to use, while also saving you precious time and money.
Pressure cooking uses a sealed pot and steam pressure to cook food quickly. By adding a small amount of liquid (water, stock, wine, or a combination), steam builds up inside the cooker, raising the boiling point and cooking food up to 70% faster than standard methods.
This method is ideal for:
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Tough cuts of meat
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Legumes like lentils and chickpeas
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Root vegetables
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Whole grains like brown rice
And the best part? It retains nutrients incredibly well—making it a healthy and energy-efficient cooking option.
Safety First: Modern Pressure Cookers Are Designed to Protect You
During cooking, the steam gradually escapes out of a regulator on the lid. Some caution is needed before opening the lid, you have to make sure you release the pressure completely or the contents can explode. As long as you follow the instructions that come with your pressure cooker this is very unlikely to happen. Modern pressure cookers have a number of safety features and this is for good reason. The heat generated by the steam could easily scold if not handled properly. Follow the instructions for your specific model and you won’t need to worry about this.
Gone are the days of noisy, rattling cookers that splutter steam uncontrollably. Modern pressure cookers come with multiple safety features, including pressure indicators, locking lids, and steam release valves.
Important: Never open a pressure cooker until all steam has been released. Always follow your model’s instructions carefully to avoid burns or accidents.
Using Liquid and Proper Filling Levels
Pressure cookers cook with steam. No liquid means no steam. You can’t and shouldn’t use your pressure cooker unless you’ve added sufficient liquid. Instructions will let you know the minimum and maximum amount and some even tell you how much to use for different items. Do not exceed the exceeded maximum amount of ingredients. A guideline to follow is that your pressure cooker should never be more than 2/3rds full. Overfilling leads to food being ejected from the pressure release valve which can be a messy business!
Steam is essential for pressure cooking, so never run your cooker dry. Follow your user manual’s liquid requirements, but a good rule of thumb is:
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Minimum liquid: Usually around 1 cup (250ml)
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Maximum fill: Never fill more than 2/3 full (or 1/2 full for foods that expand like beans and grains)
Overfilling can clog the pressure release valve, leading to a messy (and potentially dangerous) situation.
How to Cook With a Pressure Cooker
For one-pot cooking, you can brown vegetables in the pressure cooker, but you need to do it in small batches to avoid anything stewing. Turn your stove up to a high heat so that the pressure cooking process can begin as soon as possible. If you take too long heating foods up, they can end up being overcooked and suggested timings will be incorrect. Recipes will tell you to start cooking from when the correct pressure has been reached. When you get to this point, turn the heat right down to the minimum temperature you can while still maintaining pressure.
You can use your pressure cooker for full one-pot meals. Here are a few steps to get you started:
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Brown your ingredients first: Do this in small batches to avoid stewing.
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Seal and heat: Turn the heat up to bring the pot to pressure quickly.
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Start timing: Only start your recipe’s cooking time once full pressure is reached.
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Adjust the heat: Reduce to the lowest setting that maintains pressure.
Cooking Times and Ingredient Tips
Cooking times in standard recipes are a good indicator for estimating time needed in a pressure cooker. Whole pulses will need longer than split peas, brown rice longer than white, and vegetables take very little time at all. By cutting your ingredients to similar sizes will help them cook evenly. Add items that will need a longer cooking time at the beginning and those that need less later on (making sure steam has been safely released in the process). If you’re not sure on cooking times, undercook rather than overcook. You can always bring the food back under pressure and continue but once it’s spoilt, there’s no fixing it!
Pressure cooking dramatically shortens cook times, but the exact timing depends on your ingredients:
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Whole legumes (e.g., chickpeas) take longer than split lentils
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Brown rice takes longer than white rice
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Vegetables take just a few minutes
Tip: Cut ingredients into similar sizes for even cooking. Add longer-cooking items first and delicate ones later—just be sure to release the pressure first before opening and adding anything new.
How to Release Pressure
The first option is ideal for dishes like stews where long cooking times would be involved. The second is suitable for any dishes that aren’t delicate, and the third for ingredients like vegetables where overcooking may occur. These last two options save time.
Never force the lid open. Modern cookers have a safety feature which stops you opening the lid, don’t tamper with this to get the pot open or you may get burnt. If you’re in a hurry, run the cooker under a cold tap until the pressure indicator drops and the lid comes off easily.
There are three common ways to release steam:
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Natural Release: Let the cooker cool off the heat—best for stews or meats.
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Quick Release Valve: Ideal for non-delicate dishes; use tongs or a spatula to open safely.
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Cold Water Method: Run the pot under a cold tap to drop the pressure quickly—great for vegetables and time-saving.
Never force the lid open. Wait until the pressure indicator drops and the lid releases naturally.
Thickening Sauces After Cooking
Moisture is retained during pressure cooking which means sauces don’t thicken. You can do this afterwards by leaving your pressure cooker on the heat once the lid is removed and reducing the gravy to your desired consistency. A cornflour slurry mixture, pureed nuts or vegetables added at this point will help it along.
Since pressure cookers trap moisture, sauces may be thin at the end of cooking. To thicken:
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Simmer the sauce with the lid off
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Add a cornflour slurry, blended veggies, or nut purees
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Reduce on the stovetop until your desired consistency is reached
Cleaning and Maintenance Tips
Pressure cooker lids are not designed for the dishwasher or for immersion in water. Wash them under a running tap and clean with dishwashing liquid, taking off the rubber lid/seal for a thorough clean. Some base pots are suitable for dishwashers, others are not. Remember to always check the cleaning and storage instructions.
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Lids: Wash under running water with detergent; remove the rubber seal for a deep clean.
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Base pots: Some are dishwasher-safe, but always check your model's instructions.
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Storage: Make sure all parts are dry before storing to prevent mould or odours.
Final Thoughts
Pressure cooking is a safe, healthy, and incredibly time-efficient way to cook. From hearty stews to quick-prep legumes, it’s an excellent tool to have in your kitchen—especially when you’re short on time but don’t want to compromise on flavour or nutrition.
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