Chinese Pantry Essentials: What You Need to Cook Authentic Chinese Food at Home

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Chinese Pantry Essentials: What You Need to Cook Authentic Chinese Food at Home

Stocking your pantry with the right ingredients is the first step to unlocking the bold flavours of Chinese cuisine. Whether you’re diving into stir fries, soups, dumplings, or braised dishes, having the right pantry staples makes all the difference.

At Otao Kitchen, we teach thousands of people each year how to cook authentic Chinese dishes. Here’s a breakdown of the essential ingredients we recommend to start your Chinese cooking journey at home.

Chinese Pantry Essentials: What You Need to Cook Authentic Chinese Food at Home

1. Soy Sauce: The Foundation of Flavour

No Chinese pantry is complete without soy sauce. It brings a salty, umami-rich depth to countless dishes—from stir fries and soups to marinades and dipping sauces.

  • What it’s made of: Fermented soybeans, roasted grains, salt, and water.

  • What to look for: Choose naturally brewed soy sauce for best quality and flavour.

  • Types to stock:

    • Light Soy Sauce: For seasoning, dressings, and dipping sauces.

    • Dark Soy Sauce: Thicker and slightly sweet, it adds rich colour and depth to marinades and braises.

🟡 Gluten-free option? Look for Tamari or certified gluten-free soy sauces at supermarkets or Asian grocers.


2. Chinese Cooking Wine (Shaoxing or Mijiu)

Think of Chinese cooking wine as the white wine of Chinese cuisine. It adds complexity, umami, and acidity to dishes—particularly meats and stir fries.

  • Shaoxing Wine (绍兴酒): Aged rice wine with a rich, almost nutty flavour.

  • Mijiu (米酒): Clear, light rice wine with subtle sweetness.

  • Substitute: Use dry sherry if Chinese rice wine is unavailable.

Tip: A splash of Shaoxing wine enhances marinades, deglazes woks, and rounds out savoury sauces.


3. Oyster Sauce: Sweet, Savoury, Umami Boost

Used in everything from beef stir fry to Chinese greens, oyster sauce brings a glossy texture and savoury-sweet depth.

  • Made from: Oyster extract (or essence), sugar, salt, and starch.

  • Use in: Stir fries, noodle dishes, marinades, and dipping sauces.

Look for brands like Lee Kum Kee for reliable, well-balanced oyster sauces.


4. Sesame Oil: Intense Aroma and Nutty Flavour

Toasted sesame oil is used sparingly to finish dishes. It’s not for high-heat frying but rather for drizzling on top of noodles, salads, soups, or dipping sauces.

  • Buy in small bottles, as it goes rancid quickly.

  • Storage tip: Seal tightly and store away from light and heat.

A few drops go a long way—trust us!


5. Vinegars: Tangy and Versatile

Chinese vinegar brings acidity to balance rich, salty, or sweet dishes.

  • Black Vinegar (Chinkiang): Earthy and complex, perfect for dumplings, dipping sauces, and hot & sour soup.

  • Clear Rice Vinegar: Light and mildly acidic—used in sweet and sour sauces, pickles, and dressings.

🍜 Pro tip: A blend of soy sauce + black vinegar makes a classic dipping sauce for dumplings and potstickers.


6. Corn Flour (Cornstarch): Essential Thickener

Corn flour, or cornstarch, is the go-to thickening agent in Chinese cooking. It gives stir-fry sauces their silky texture and helps meat retain juiciness when used in marinades.

  • To use: Mix 1 part corn flour to 2 parts cold water to create a slurry.

  • Always stir quickly while adding the slurry to prevent lumps.

Other thickening options include potato starch, rice flour, or tapioca starch.


7. Aromatics & Condiments: The Flavour Builders

🌶️ Condiments:

  • Chilli oil

  • Chilli sauces (e.g., Lao Gan Ma)

  • Fermented bean pastes (Doubanjiang)

  • Fish sauce (used more in southern Chinese and fusion cooking)

🧄 Fresh Aromatics:

  • Ginger

  • Garlic

  • Spring onions

  • Chilli

  • Fresh or dried mushrooms (like shiitake)

🌿 Spices:

  • Star anise

  • Cassia bark (Chinese cinnamon)

  • Sichuan peppercorns (numbing spice!)

  • White pepper

  • Rock sugar or caster sugar

These layers of aromatics and spices are what give Chinese cooking its signature complexity and punch.


Learn to Cook Chinese Dishes with Us!

At Otao Kitchen, our Chinese cooking classes help you build confidence using these pantry essentials. Learn techniques like stir frying, dumpling folding, and sauce building with guidance from experienced chefs.

📍 Join us in Richmond or book a private team-building session.
🍲 From street food favourites to traditional family dishes, we make Chinese cooking fun and approachable!

👉 Explore Our Chinese Cooking Classes »

 

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